Dvije vrste totalitarizma Carl Schmitt i Aleksandar Solženjicin o totalitarizmu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Two types of totalitarianism Carl Schmitt and Alexander Solzhenitsyn on totalitarianism
• Author: Ante Marić
• Mentor: Ivan Koprek (mentor)
• Committee member: Anto Gavrić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dan Đaković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Koprek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Philosophy and Religious Studies; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy

Abstract

U ovome radu ćemo se baviti etičkim problemima koji su bili karakteristični za nacističku Njemačku i SSSR (Savez Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika) za vrijeme 2. svjetskog rata. Cilj je ukazati na etičke problematike koji su se odvijale u totalitarnim režimima ovih dviju država, objasniti Schmittovu teoriju suvereniteta te uputiti kako ona indirektno uzrokuje Solženjicinovo iskustvo u radnom logoru. Poznato nam je da su obje države vođene totalitarističkim režimom, stoga ćemo se osvrnuti na stanje u državama između dva svjetska rata, na sami uspon totalitarnog režima i kako su se oni provodili unutar same države. Ovaj rad bit će upotpunjen iskustvima dvaju pisaca iz relevantnih područja, Carla Schmitta; njemačkog pravnika i političkog teoretičara, koji je bio član Nacističke Partije, te Aleksandra Solženjicina; ruskog romanopisca, otpornika Staljinovom režimu koji ga je na koncu odveo u radni logor koji se naziva gulag. Razmotrit ćemo ideje ove dvije države i sagledati posljedice koje su ostavile na današnji svijet te se doista preispitati postoji li etika u totalitarizmu. Kroz povijesnu tematiku ćemo zadržati etički okvir te pokušati filozofski analizirati nehumane procese koji se odvijali u ovim dvjema državama.

Abstract (english)

In this paper, we will deal with ethical problems that were characteristic of Nazi Germany and the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) during World War II. The goal is to point out the ethical problems that took place in the totalitarian regimes of these two countries, to explain Schmitt's theory of sovereignty and to point out how it indirectly caused Solzhenitsyn's experience in the labor camp. We know that both countries are governed by totalitarian regimes, therefore we will look at the situation in the countries between the two world wars, the very rise of totalitarian regimes and how they were implemented within the country itself. This paper will be complemented by the experiences of two writers from relevant fields, Carl Schmitt; the German jurist and political theorist, who was a member of the Nazi Party, and Alexander Solzhenitsyn; a Russian novelist, a resister of Stalin's regime that eventually took him to a labor camp called the Gulag. We will consider the ideas of these two states and look at the consequences they left on today's world and really question whether there is ethics in totalitarianism. Through the historical theme, we will maintain the ethical framework and try to philosophically analyze the inhumane processes that took place in these two countries.

• Keywords: totalitarizam; nacionalsocijalizam; sovjeti; suverenitet; dehumanizacija; gulag; ljudsko dostojanstvo
• Keywords (english): totalitarianism; national socialism; soviets; sovereignty; dehumanization; gulag; human dignity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:260:226742
• Study programme: Title: Philosophy; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra filozofije (magistar/magistra filozofije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-25 09:23:08